Education and the Confronting the Phenomenon of Cyber bullying : A Future Vision for Arab Childhood

Azeez Adebamgbola ADEOYE , Basirat Jumoke ADEOYE , 2017 “Digital Literacy Skills of Undergraduate Students in Nigeria Universities “ , Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal) https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1665

Brydolf,C.,Minding Myspace:Balancing the benefits and risks of students,online social networks,Education Digest ,73 (2),2007,p4-8.

Buffy, F. & Dianne, O. (2009): cyber bullying aliterature review, aper presented at the annual meeting of the Louisiana education research association Lafayette.

Crosslink, k.& crosslink, M. (2014): cyber bulling at atexas university – Amixed methods approach to examining online aggression, texas public health journal, vol. (66), no. (3), pp. 26 – 31.

Denhamer, A. H. & konijin, E. A. (2015): Adolescents' Media exposure may increase their cyber bullying behavior: Along itudinal study, journal of Adolescent health, vol. (56), No. (2),

Dilmac, B. (2009): psychological needs as apredictor of cyber bullying apreliminary report on college students, educational sciences: theory and practice, vol. (9), p- 1307 – 1325...

Eleyyan. S. (2021). The future of education according to the fourth industrial revolution. Journal of educational technology & online learning, 4(1), 23- 30.

Ferin, scott coryne, sarah marie. Health, Melissa, allen & stauffer, sterling (2012): high school teachers perceptions of cyber bullying prevention and intervention strategies, psychology in the schools, vol. (49), No. (4).

Hinduja, s. & patchin, j.w (2010): Bullying, cyber bullying, and sucide, archives of suicide research, vol. (14), No. (3), pp. 206-221.

Holfeld, B. & sukhawath anakul, p. (2017): associations between internet attachment, cyber victimization and internalizing symptorns among adolescent. Cyber psychology, behavior & social networking, vol. (20), No (2), pp. 19-96.

indian department of education . Indiana academic standards course framework (2013) digital citizenship.

indian department of education . Indiana academic standards course framework (2013) digital citizenship.

Johnson ,Kristen Laprade,oh,what A Tangled Web Weave:cyberbullying Anxiety,Depression,and Loneliness, Master of Arts,The University of Mississippi,USA,2016.

Knox, J. (2014). Digital Culture Clash: “Massive” Education in the E- Learning and Digital Cultures MOOC, Distance Education, 35 (2), 164-177.

Lipman, M. (2003). Education for Critical Thinking in "Thinking in Education". Second Edition. Cambridge University Press.

Litwiller, B.J. & brausch, A.M. (2013): cyber bulling and physical bullying in adolescent suicide: the role of violent behavior and substance use, journal of youth and adolescence, vol. (42), No. (5), pp. 675 – 684.

Modecki, K. L., Minchin, J. harbaugh, A.G, Guerra, N. G & runions, K. C (2014): Bullying prevalence across contexts: Ameta – analysis measuring cyber and tradinal bullying, journal of adolescent health, vol. (55), No. (5), pp. 602 – 611.

 Mohammad Fazli Baharuddin , 2016 “Digital Literacy Awareness among Students “RESEARCH HUB ,Volume 2 Issue 1.

Ortega, R., Elipe, p., mora – merchant, J.A, calmaestra, s., & vega, E. (2009): the emotional impact on victims of traditional bullying and cyber bullying a study of spanish adolescents, zeitschrift fur psychologie / journal of psychology, vol. (2017), No. (4). Pp. 197 – 204.

308. 203 – 308.

Ribble, M. (2015). Digital Citizenship and Responsible Use. Retrieved fromhttp://www.mathlanding.org/system/files/Digital%20Citizenship%20and%20Responsible%20Use_0.pdf

Ribble, M. S., Bailey, Gerald D. & Ross, Tweed W. (2004). "Digital Citizenship- Addressing Appropriate Technology Behavior". International Society for Technology in Education, 32 (1), 6 - 12.

Smith, peter. K. (2010): cyber bullying: the European perspective in Joaquin mora – merchant and Thomas jager, cyber bullying across – national comparison, verlag empirische padogogik, London, pp. 7-19..

Vandebosch, H. & van cleemput. K (2009): cyber bullying among youngsters: profilies of bullies and victims , new media & society, vol. (11), pp. 1349 – 1371.

Walker. C.M , scokman. B.R.& koehn, S. (2011): an exploratory study of cyber bullying with undergraduate university students, teaching trends, vol. (55), No. (2), p. 31-38

Yanga, J. Y. & Yen, Y. C. (2016). College Students' Perspectives of E-Learning System Use in High Education, Asian Journal of Education and Training, 2 (2), 53- 62.

 Ybarra, M. L., Espelage, D. L., Mitchell, K. g. The Cooccurrence of Internet Harassment and Unwanted Sexual Solicitation Victimization and Perpetration: Associations with Psychosocial Indicators. Journal ofAdolescent Health,2004, (41), 531–541.

 Translation of Arabic References:

Ibrahim, Reham El-Sayed Abdel-Jalil (2017). The Role of the University in Confronting the Risks of Electronic Violence Through Social Networks: An Analytical Study, University Performance Development Journal, Mansoura University - University Performance Development Center, Vol. 5, No. 2, p. 69.

 Abu Al-Ala, Hanan Fawzy (2017): The Effectiveness of Selective Counseling in Reducing Cyberbullying among a Sample of Adolescents: A Descriptive-Counseling Study, Faculty of Education Journal, Vol. (33), No. (6), Faculty of Education, Assiut University, pp. 527-563.

Abu Abaa, Athir Ibrahim Muhammad (2021). The Degree of Kindergarten Teachers' Practice of 21st Century Skills with Kindergarten Children in Light of the Kingdom's Vision 2030 from Their Perspective, (189), Part One, Journal of Education, Faculty of Education, Al-Azhar University, pp. 302-340.

Abu Alam, Raja (2011). Research Methods in Psychological and Educational Sciences, Cairo, University Publishing House

.United Nations (2024). Child and Youth Safety Online. https://www.un.org/ar/global-issues/child-and-youth-safety-online

Bahaziq, Raja bint Omar (2022). The concept of electronic tapping among children in early childhood and the extent of their exposure to it in the city of Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Journal of Educational Sciences, Vol. 3, No. 29, pp. 423-460.

. Badran, Shabl (2017): Citizenship Education for Arab Children, Journal of Childhood and Development, Arab Council for Childhood and Development, Vol. 9, No. 30, pp. 83-105.

Barakat, Basma (2023). Tunisia's Bullies: A Society Normalized with Violence and Suffering Victims. Al-Araby Al-Jadeed Magazine, January 7, available at: https://www.aajeg.com/society/%

 Al-Batran, May (2021). Digital Safety for Children in a Changing Technological Revolution. Saturday, October 9, Al-Shorouk Newspaper, available https://www.shorouknews.com/columns/view.aspx?cdate=09102021&id=0824aaa7-cc8c-43da-8631-3a31f14eacf2

 The Official Portal of the United Arab Emirates Government (2024). Child Digital Safety, available at: https://u.ae/ar-ae/information-and-services/justice-safety-and-the-law/cyber-safety-and-digital-security/child-digital-safety

Bouabisa, Abdelkarim, and Toumi, Fadhila: (2022) Digital Education to Confront the Dominance of the Culture of Triviality in the Networked Society: A Descriptive and Critical Study. International Journal of Social Communication, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp. 281-300.

 UAE Legislation (2024). Decree-Law on Combating Rumors and Cybercrimes, Legislation as last updated on April 4, 2024, available at: https://uaelegislation.gov.ae/ar/legislations/152

 Jaradat, Abdul Karim (2008): Bullying among primary school students: its prevalence and associated factors, Jordanian Journal of Educational Sciences, Vol. (4), No. (2), pp. 109-124

Jarwan, Fathi Abdul Rahman (1999). Teaching Thinking: Concepts and Applications. Al Ain, United Arab Emirates: University Book House.

Habib, Banin and Fadhel, Ibrahim (2024). State of Cyber ​​Abuse in Iraq: Cyberbullying, Change Platform.

Haddad, Rajai (2014). Digital Citizenship - How to Engage with Digital Media, Technology, and Modern Techniques to Become Factors for Building, Development, and Learning for the New Generation, Periodical, Available at the following link: http://rajaiehaddad.com/2014/12/27/digital-citizenship-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9/

 Al-Hamdani, Rabia Mani'a Zidane (2020). The Trend Towards Digital Education: Reality-Aspiration, from the Perspective of Secondary School Faculty Members, Journal of the Faculty of Economics for Scientific Research, University of Zawiya, Volume 1, (Issue 6), pp. 1-72.

 Hanafi, Khaled Salah (2023). Our Children in the Age of Digital Culture, Islamic Awareness Magazine, Ministry of Awqaf and Islamic Affairs, Kuwait, Vol. 56, No. 651, July, pp. 76-78

Hanouz, Hisham (2024). Cyberbullying: Its Forms, Effects, and Challenges in the Digital Age. Moroccan Depth Forum, November 10, available at: https://al3omk.com/1022236.html

Al-Khalifa, Hind Khaled (2011): Children and Citizenship: Some Cultural Variables Influencing National Education, Childhood and Development Magazine, Arab Council for Childhood and Development, Vol. 5, No. 18, pp. 217-248.

. Khalil, Sahar Issa Mohamed (2021). The Role of the Family in Confronting Cyberbullying Among Its Children (A Proposed Conceptualization). Reading and Knowledge Journal, Egyptian Reading and Knowledge Association/Member of the International Reading Association (ILA), Volume 21, Issue 242, Part One, December, pp. 81-125.

Al-Khayat, Laila and Al-Nafishan, Sarah (2024). Cyberbullying of Children in Kuwaiti Society, Causes and Solutions from Parents’ Perspective, International Journal of Educational Research, United Arab Emirates University, Volume 48, Issue 1, January, pp. 140-161.

 Darwish, Omar Mohammed and Al-Laithi, Ahmed Hassan (2017). The effectiveness of a cognitive-behavioral learning environment based on social preferences in developing strategies to confront cyberbullying for secondary school students, Journal of Educational Sciences, Volume (1), Issue (4), October, pp. 197-264.

 Darwish, Mahmoud Ahmed (2018). Research Methods in the Humanities. Cairo: Arab Nation Foundation for Publishing and Distribution.

 Al-Dahshan, Gamal Ali (2018): Terrorism in the Digital Age (Electronic Terrorism): Its Forms, Dangers, and Mechanisms for Confronting It, International Journal of Research in Educational Sciences, Volume (1), Issue (3), pp. 83-121.

 Al-Dahshan, Jamal Ali (2016). Digital Citizenship as an Introduction to Arab Education in the Digital Age, a working paper, published in the Journal of Criticism and Enlightenment, Issue Five, Chapter Two.

 Delwani, Tariq (2020). The Cyberbullying "Pandemic" in Jordan Knocking on the Courts. Independent Arabia, Wednesday, November 25, available at: https://www.independentarabia.com/node/171651/%

 Ramadan, Buthaina Abdul Raouf (2007). The Dangers of Foreign Education on Our Cultural Identity and the Values ​​of Citizenship and Belonging. Cairo: Dar Al Fikr Al Arabi.

 Al Ramadan, Fahad (2020). LOYAC Foundation: More than a Third of Kuwaiti Youth Are Subjected to Bullying, Discrimination, and Verbal Harassment. Al Jarida Kuwaiti Newspaper, September 14. Available at: https://www.aljarida.com/articles/1600017841682678200

 Zainab Mahmoud Shakir (2018): Bullying Diagnostic Battery: Forms of Bullying Behavior - Personality Characteristics of the Bully and the Victim - Motives - Effects on the Bully and the Victim among Normal and Disabled Individuals in the Arab Environment (Saudi Arabia - Egypt), Instruction Booklet.

 Salem, Fatima Attia Omran (2021). A Proposed Vision for Activating the Role of Kindergarten Teachers in Developing Digital Technology for Children in Light of Contemporary Crises. South Valley University International Journal of Educational Sciences, Issue 7, December, pp. 476-510.

 Al-Subaie, Hind bint Abdullah bin Sultan (2023). The Role of Educational Institutions in Promoting Digital Citizenship Values ​​for Children, Arab Journal of Children's Media and Culture, Volume 7, Issue 27, January, pp. 2-40.

 Sakeek, Hazem Falah (2021). Basic Skills for Teachers in the Digital Age. Educational Physics Network, July 12, available at: https://www.hazemsakeek.net

Sulaymani, Khairiya (2005): Raising Muslim Children in the Era of Globalization, a complementary research project for a master's degree in Islamic and Comparative Education, Faculty of Education, Umm Al-Qura University.

 Al-Sayed, Samah Muhammad (2018). Approaches to Confronting the Phenomenon of Cyberbullying among University Students from the Perspective of Some Education Experts. Journal of the Faculty of Education, Benha University, Issue 121, Vol. 1, January, pp. 179-257.

 Soufi, Fatima Zahra (2018): School climate and its relationship to school bullying among secondary school students: A field study on a sample of secondary school students in Saida, Master's thesis, Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, Dr. Moulay Taher University, Saida, Algeria.

Abdel Hamid, Samah (2019). How have countries dealt with the exposure of a quarter of a billion children to bullying? Youm7 Magazine, February 28, 2025, available at: https://www.youm7.com/story/2019/9/19/%

Abdel-Zaher, Wagdy Helmy Eid (2013): The Role of Modern Media in Raising Awareness and Confronting Security Crises, Faculty of Social Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, available at http://researchgate.net/publication/309195835

 Abdel-Qader, Essam Mohamed (2024). Digital Education and Digital Bullying: Confrontation Mechanisms. Youm7 Website, December 7, available at https://www.youm7.com/story/2024/12/7/%

Abdel-Wahid, Iman Abdel-Hakim (2020). The Role of the Family in Achieving Digital Security for Kindergarten Children in Light of the Challenges of the Digital Revolution. Journal of Studies in Childhood and Education, Assiut University, Issue Fourteen, July, pp. 65-118.

 Al-Othman, Khaled and Ali, Ahmed (2014): Technological Empowerment among General Education Students, A Psychological Study, Vol. (24), No. (2), pp. 185-212

 Al-Asiri, Bandar bin Mufreh (2020). Digital Education to Achieve the Requirements of Vision 2030. Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: King Fahd National Library for Publishing.

 Attia, Paula (2024). A Quarter of Lebanese Children Have Been Bullied... and a Project to Combat the Phenomenon. Al-Safa News, February 6, available at: https://www.alsafanews.com/article/13097

Ali, Zainab Mahmoud Ahmed (2019). The Teacher in the Digital Age: Aspirations and Challenges. Educational Journal, Faculty of Education, Sohag University, Issue 68, December, pp. 3105-3115.

 Ali, Nabil (2009). The Arab Mind and the Knowledge Society: Aspects of the Crisis and Proposed Solutions (Part Two). Kuwait: World of Knowledge, National Council for Culture, Arts and Letters, Issue 370, December.

 ​​Al-Ammar, Amal Yousef Abdullah (2016): Cyberbullying and its relationship to Internet addiction in light of some demographic variables among male and female students of applied education in the State of Kuwait, Journal of Scientific Research in Education, Volume (3), Issue (17), Girls’ College of Arts, Sciences and Education, Ain Shams University, pp. 223-249.

Awad, Hala Omar, and Al-Tahami, Marwa Mohamed (2020). The Role of Digital Education in Empowering Early Childhood Teachers with 21st Century Skills, Childhood and Education Journal, Alexandria University, Faculty of Kindergarten, Twelfth Year, Part Four, (Issue 41), pp. 115-188.

 Al-Ghafri, Hussein bin Saeed (2023). The Crime of Cyberbullying Through Social Media, Ruh Al-Qawanin Journal, Faculty of Law, Arab Open University, Amman, pp. 1059-1225.

Fakhry Mahmoud Mohamed, Madiha (2020). A Future Study of the Role of Egyptian Universities in Combating Cybercrime Among Students. International Journal of Educational and Psychological Sciences, Volume 58, Issue 1, December, pp. 28-71.

Farag, Hani Abdel Sattar (2004): "Education and Citizenship: An Analytical Study," Journal of the Future of Arab Education, Arab Center for Education and Development, Volume 10, Issue 35, October, pp. 9-37.

 Qasim, Abdul Majeed (2018): Children and the Internet... Pros and Cons, Islamic Awareness Magazine, Issue (634), pp. 66-67.

 Kabour, Manal, and Bouamama, Al-Arabi. 2022. Cyberbullying: Concept and Terminology. Journal of Legal and Social Sciences, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 602-618.

 Karim, Ayat Fatima Al-Zahra and Baha, Fatima (2024). The Crime of Cyberbullying Against Children: Confronting Challenges and Enhancing Digital Security. Journal of Legal Studies, University of Tiarat, Algeria, Volume 11, Issue 2, October, pp. 24-56.

 Al-Kaabi, Fadel (2011): Educating and Teaching Citizenship and Its Impact on Children's Culture, Journal of Childhood and Development, Arab Council for Childhood and Development, Volume 5, Issue 18, October, pp. 283-320.

 Lotfy, Asmaa Fathy (2016): The effectiveness of guidance using positive interventions based on personal strengths in reducing cyberbullying among female students who cyberbully in the preparatory stage, Journal of the Faculty of Education, Volume (26), Issue (4), Faculty of Education, Alexandria University, pp. 23-66.

Mohamed, Thanaa Hashem (2019). The Reality of Cyberbullying Phenomenon among Secondary School Students in Fayoum Governorate and Ways to Confront It (Field Study), Fayoum University Journal of Educational and Psychological Sciences, Issue Twelve, Part Two, pp. 181-247.

 Mahmoud, Amal Salah (2016): The Impact of Digital Transformation of Knowledge on the Information Culture of Specialists in the Field of Arts and Humanities from Faculty Members at the Faculty of Arts, Qena, Cybrarians Journal, Cairo, Arab Portal for Libraries and Information, Issue (43), pp. 1-55.

 Al-Madhoun, Yahya Ibrahim (2012). The Role of Palestinian Electronic Journalism in Strengthening the Values ​​of Citizenship among University Students in the Gaza Strip, Unpublished Master’s Thesis, Faculty of Education, Al-Azhar University.

 Al-Mustafa, Abdul Aziz Abdul Karim (2017): The Role of Cyberbullying among Children in the Eastern Province of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Journal of Educational and Psychological Sciences, Vol. (18), No. (3), Scientific Publishing Center, University of Bahrain, September, pp. 243-260.

 Madawi, Abdul Rahman Al-Rashed (2018). Kindergarten Teachers' Degree of Digital Learning and Their Attitude Towards Its Use. Journal of the Islamic University for Educational and Psychological Studies, 26(3), pp. 407-432.

 Al-Makanin, Hesham Abdel Fattah (2018). Cyberbullying among a sample of behaviorally and emotionally disturbed students in Zarqa City, Journal of Educational and Psychological Studies, Vol. (12), No. (1), January, pp. 179-197.

 Al-Mallah, Tamer Al-Maghawry (2017). Digital Citizenship: Challenges and Hopes, Cairo: Dar Al-Sahab for Publishing and Distribution.

Mahidat, Razan Ali, and Hussein, Nawaf Musa (2019): Administrative Bullying in Jordanian Universities in Irbid Governorate and Its Relationship to Employee Morale from Their Perspective, Master's Thesis, Faculty of Education, Yarmouk University, Jordan.

 Najdi, Adel (2022). Morocco: "The Extended Hand" to Combat Cyberbullying. Al-Araby Al-Jadeed Magazine, November 18, available at: https://www.aajeg.com/society/

Nassar, Sami Muhammad (2016): Education for Knowledge and Difference, Cairo: Dar Al-Masryia Al-Lubnania.

 Nuwair, Abdel Salam (2005): Education as a Crucible for Citizenship. Proceedings of the Seventeenth Annual Conference on Political Research, Egyptian Citizenship and the Future of Democracy: New Visions for a Changing World, Center for Political Research and Studies, Faculty of Economics and Political Science, Cairo University, Volume 2, December 21-23, pp. 1089-1129.

National Cybersecurity Authority, International Cybersecurity Forum (2020). Riyadh Cybersecurity Declaration. Riyadh: International Forum Media Center.

 Ministry of Education, National Cybersecurity Authority (2021). Cooperation Agreement between the Ministry of Education and the National Cybersecurity Authority in the Fields of Scientific Research and Training of National Cadres. Riyadh: Ministry Media Center.

 Watfa, Ali Asaad (2004): Arab Childhood and the Struggle for Fate in the Strategy for the Cultural Construction of the Arab Child, Arab Affairs, League of Arab States - General Secretariat, Issue 119, Autumn, pp. 74-101.

Emirates News Agency - WAM (2021). Officials: Recommendations of the "Child Safety" Study Enhance Community Awareness of the Dangers of Internet Use. Sunday, April 18, available at: https://www.wam.ae/ar/details/1395302927795

Yousry, Dalia (2020). Learn about the Egyptian state's efforts to combat the phenomenon of "bullying." Egyptian Observatory, October 20, available at: https://marsad.ecss.com.eg/42820/

Younes, Magdy Mohamed (2016). How does electronic professional development for teachers take place in light of the data of the digital age? New Education Blog, available at: https://www.new-educ.com/

 UNICEF (2018). Protecting children from cyberbullying. https://www.unicef.org/egypt/ar/press-releases/protecting-children-cyberbullying