Ashehri, R. (2019). Governance of Artificial Intelligence in KSA (NEOM as a model). International Journal of Advanced Studies, 9(1), 64-81.
Chiu, T. K., Moorhouse, B. L., Chai, C. S., & Ismailov, M. (2023). Teacher support and student motivation to learn with Artificial Intelligence (AI) based chatbot. Interactive Learning Environments, 1-17.
Das, R., & Shivakumar, K (2016). Augmented World: Real Time Gesture Based Image Processing Tool with Intel RealSense ™ Technology. International Journal of Signal Processing: Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, 9(1), 63- 84.
Devaux, A., Grand-Clement, S., Manville, C., & Belanger, J. (2017). Digital Learning's Role in Enabling Inclusive Skills Development for a Connected World. In EMOOCs-WIP (pp. 104-111).
Fahimirad, M., & Kotamjani, S (2018). A Review on Application of Artificial Intelligence in Teaching and Learning in Educational Contexts. International Journal of Learning and Development, 8(4), 106- 118.
Fernandes, M. A. (2016). Problem‐based learning applied to the artificial intelligence course. Computer Applications in Engineering Education, 24(3), 388-399.
Fernandes, M. A. (2016). Problem‐based learning applied to the artificial intelligence course. Computer Applications in Engineering Education, 24(3), 388-399.
Gherhes, C., Vorley, T., Vallance, P., & Brooks, C. (2022). The role of system-building agency in regional path creation: insights from the emergence of artificial intelligence in Montreal. Regional Studies, 56(4), 563-578.
Haseski, H. I. (2019). What Do Turkish Pre-Service Teachers Think About Artificial Intelligence?. International Journal of Computer Science Education in Schools, 3(2), 3-23.
Hinojo-Lucena, F. J., Aznar-Díaz, I., Cáceres-Reche, M. P., & Romero-Rodríguez, J. M. (2019). Artificial intelligence in higher education: A bibliometric study on its impact in the scientific literature. Education Sciences, 9(1), 51.
Huda, M., Jasmi, K. A., Hehsan, A., Mustari, M. I., Shahrill, M., Basiron, B., & Gassama, S. K. (2017). Empowering children with adaptive technology skills: Careful engagement in the digital ınformation age. International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education, 9(3), 693-708.
Ilkka, T. (2018). The impact of artificial intelligence on learning, teaching, and education. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
Jeon, Y., & Kim, T. (2018). The development and application of a responsive web-based smart learning system for the cyber project learning of elementary informatics gifted students. Journal of Theoretical & Applied Information Technology, 96(5).
Kaipainen, M., & Tikka, P. (2022). Artificial Intelligence and Art. Whatʼs Left After the Hype?. The Meaning of Creativity in the Age of AI, 123.
Kose, Utku (2015). Educational material development model for teaching computer network and system management. Computer Applications in Engineering Education 23 (4), 621-629.
Li, B. H., Hou, B. C., Yu, W. T., Lu, X. B., & Yang, C. W. (2017). Applications of artificial intelligence in intelligent manufacturing: a review. Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering, 18, 86-96.
Luckin, R. (2017). Towards artificial intelligence-based assessment systems. Nature Human Behaviour, 1(3), 0028.
Mu, P. (2019, September). Research on artificial intelligence education and its value orientation. In 1st International Education Technology and Research Conference (IETRC 2019), China, Retrieved from https://webofproceedings. org/proceedings_series/ESSP/IETRC (Vol. 202019).
Natale, S., & Ballatore, A. (2020). Imagining the thinking machine: Technological myths and the rise of artificial intelligence. Convergence, 26(1), 3-18. Fahimirad, M., & Kotamjani, S. S. (2018). A review on application of artificial intelligence in teaching and learning in educational contexts. International Journal of Learning and Development, 8(4), 106-118.
Ocaña-Fernández, Y., Valenzuela-Fernández, L. A., & Garro-Aburto, L. L. (2019). Artificial Intelligence and Its Implications in Higher Education. Journal of Educational Psychology-Propositos y Representaciones, 7(2), 553-568.
Paul, P. K., Kayyali, M., Das, M., Chatterjee, R., & Saavedra, R. (2023). Artificial Intelligence and Smart Society: Educational Applications, Emergences and Issues-A Scientific Review. International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering, 11(1), 1-14.
Pedro, F., Subosa, M., Rivas, A., & Valverde, P. (2019). Artificial intelligence in education: Challenges and opportunities for sustainable development.
Ren, F., Ward, L., Williams, T., Laws, K. J., Wolverton, C., Hattrick-Simpers, J., & Mehta, A. (2018). Accelerated discovery of metallic glasses through iteration of machine learning and high-throughput experiments. Science advances, 4(4), eaaq1566.
Richter, Z., et al (2019). Systematic review of research on artificial intelligence applications in higher education – where are the educators?. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher, 16- 39.
Roll, I., & Wylie, R. (2016). Evolution and revolution in artificial intelligence in education. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 26, 582-599.
Russell, S. (2019). Human compatible: Artificial intelligence and the problem of control. Penguin.
Ryu, M., & Han, S. (2018). The educational perception on artificial intelligence by elementary school teachers. Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education, 22(3), 317-324.
Shukhman, A. E., Bolodurina, I. P., Polezhaev, P. N., Ushakov, Y. A., & Legashev, L. V. (2018, April). Adaptive technology to support talented secondary school students with the educational IT infrastructure. In 2018 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON) (pp. 993-998). IEEE.
Southgate, E., Blackmore, K., Pieschl, S., Grimes, S., McGuire, J., & Smithers, K. (2019). Artificial intelligence and emerging technologies in schools.
Stofkova, J., Poliakova, A., Stofkova, K. R., Malega, P., Krejnus, M., Binasova, V., & Daneshjo, N. (2022). Digital skills as a significant factor of human resources development. Sustainability, 14(20), 13117.
Swathi, V. S. (2018). Artificial intelligence and its implications in education. In International Conference on Improved Access to Distance Higher Education Focus on Underserved Communities and Uncovered Regions.
Van Laar, E., Van Deursen, A. J., Van Dijk, J. A., & De Haan, J. (2017). The relation between 21st-century skills and digital skills: A systematic literature review. Computers in human behavior, 72, 577-588.
Verma, M. (2018). Artificial intelligence and its scope in different areas with special reference to the field of education. Online Submission, 3(1), 5-10.
Wenger, E. (2014). Artificial intelligence and tutoring systems: Computational and cognitive approaches to the communication of knowledge. Morgan Kaufmann.
Wong, G. K., Ma, X., & Huen, J. (2019). When schools meet artificial intelligence in Hong Kong. ACM Inroads, 10(4), 43-46.
Zawacki-Richter, O., Marín, V. I., Bond, M., & Gouverneur, F. (2019). Systematic review of research on artificial intelligence applications in higher education–where are the educators?. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 16(1), 1-27.
Translation of Arabic references:
Abu Bakr, Khawalid (2017). Applications of artificial intelligence in serving Arab banks. Journal of Financial and Banking Studies, Arab Institute for Banking and Financial Studies, Jordan, 25(2), 57- 60.
Abu Sweireh, Ahmed Ismail, Asqoul, Mohamed Abdel Fattah and Al-Rantisi, Mahmoud Mohamed (2022). The effectiveness of teaching a proposed electronic unit on artificial intelligence to develop programming skills among ninth-grade female students in Gaza governorates. Islamic University Journal for Educational and Psychological Studies, Islamic University of Gaza, 30(5), 67- 102.
Abulum, Amjad (2022). Digital skills in the twenty-first century. Retrieved on: 12-13-2023, available at: https://accronline.com/print_article.aspx?id=32289
Al Muslim, Noha Ibrahim (2023). Attitudes of science teachers towards the use of artificial intelligence applications in the educational process at the primary level in the Jazan Region Education Administration. Master's thesis, College of Education, Jazan University.
Borai, Naglaa Fathi, Kafafi, Wafaa Mustafa and Muhammad, Mustafa Abdel Samie (2021). A proposed program based on Web 2 applications to develop V.B.Net programming skills among middle school students. International Journal of Curriculum and Technology Education, (3), 198-248.
Girgis, Marianne Mansour (2016). The effectiveness of a program based on communication theory using some interactive Google applications in developing some digital skills and engaging in learning among students of the College of Education. Journal of Arab Studies in Education and Psychology, 70(1), 109-144.
Al-Hujaili, Samar Ahmed; And Al-Farani, Lina Ahmed Khalil. (2020). Artificial intelligence in education in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Arab Journal of Specific Education, (11), 71-84.Doi: 10.33850/EJEV.2020.68952
Hariri, Hind Hussein. (2021). A proposed vision for using artificial intelligence to support education in universities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to confront the Corona pandemic (Covid-19) in light of benefiting from China’s experience, Journal of the Islamic University of Educational and Social Sciences, (special issue), 365-427. Link: https://journals.iu.edu.sa/ESS/Main/Article/3446
Dirar, Khadija Muhammad (2019). The ethics of artificial intelligence and robots: an analytical study. International Journal of Library and Information Science, 6(3), 237-271.
Al-Ruwais, Fatima bint Ibrahim Muhammad (2021). Artificial intelligence and its role in enhancing the competitiveness of educational institutions: a theoretical approach. Arab Journal for Quality Education, vol. 8, p. 2, 7-39.
Zarrouqi, Riad (2020). The role of artificial intelligence in improving the quality of higher education. Arab Journal for Specific Education, Arab Foundation for Education, Science and Arts, Academy of Scientific Research, (12), 1- 12.
Selim, Rania Youssef (2017). The reality of using secondary stage information for educational technology innovations in light of comprehensive quality standards in the city of Jeddah. Arab Studies in Education and Psychology, (90), 226-277.
Sawalma, Enas Mahmud and Al-Saeed, Khalil Mahmoud (2023). The effectiveness of an application based on artificial intelligence in developing logical thinking skills and motivation towards learning computer science in Jordan. Journal of the Association of Arab Universities for Research in Higher Education, 43 (special issue), 847-864.
Tatweer Educational Services Company (2019). Computer and information technology curriculum document for the intermediate stage. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Al-Shahari, Mihdhar Ahmed Hassan. (2018). Technology in teaching and learning. Without a publisher. https://www.edu-technology1.com/2023/11/technology-in-teaching-and-learning.html
Amer, Hadi Raouf (2018). The impact of using Web 2.0 technology on developing programming skills and metacognitive skills among computer teachers. Arab Journal of Specific Education, (2), 103-174.
Othman, Asmaa Ahmed (2023). Obstacles to implementing integrated education in general secondary education from the point of view of teachers: a field study. Journal of the Faculty of Education, Assiut University, 2(1), 206-228.
Ajam, Ibrahim Muhammad (2018). Artificial intelligence and its implications for high-performance organizations: an exploratory study in the Ministry of Science and Technology. Journal of Management and Economics, Al-Mustansiriya University, 21(110), 88-102.
Al-Omari, Zahoor Hassan (2019). The effect of using artificial intelligence chatbots to develop cognitive aspects of science among female primary school students. Saudi Society for Educational and Psychological Sciences, King Saud University, (64), 23-48.
Al-Aiban, Abdullah Saif and Al Qais Nujoud Mubarak (2023). The degree of employing artificial intelligence skills on the quality of educational services at the secondary level. Egyptian Journal of Specialized Studies, Faculty of Specific Education, Ain Shams University, (38), 20-70.
Al-Farani, Lina Ahmed and Fatani, Hania Abdel-Razzaq (2020). Embedding artificial intelligence applications in middle school schools from adaptation to accreditation. The comprehensive multi-knowledge electronic magazine, (21).
Farjoun, Khaled Muhammad (2017). Employing visual reproduction technology for touch in augmented educational reality. International Journal of Online Education, 1- 34.
Al-Qarni, Samaher Ahmed and Imran, Muhammad Abdullah (2021). The effect of artificial intelligence in microbit in raising the motivation towards learning programming among female students in the educational technology course at King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah. Journal of Educational and Psychological Sciences, 5(30), 58-76.
Mathok, Malika (2021). Artificial intelligence and the future of distance education. Studies in Development and Society, 6(3), 131-144.
Malika, mentioned. (2021). Artificial intelligence and the future of distance education, Journal of Studies in Development and Society, 06(03), pp. 131-144.
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (2016). Media Center for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030.
Al Mahdi, Magdy Salah (2021). Education and future challenges in light of the philosophy of artificial intelligence. Journal of Digital Educational and Learning Technology, 2(5), 97-140.
Khalida, Mahriya (2023). Applications of artificial intelligence in developing e-learning (digital education). Arab Journal for Specific Education, Arab Foundation for Education, Science and Arts. 7(25), 313-334.
The First International Conference on Digital Education in the Arab World (2018). Challenges of the present and visions of the future. Arab Foundation for Education, Science and Arts, Cairo University. Available at: https://www.diae.events/events/59246
Saudi Data and Artificial Intelligence Authority (SDAIA). (2023). Saudi Data and Artificial Intelligence Authority, https://sdaia.gov.sa/ar/SDAIA/about/Pages/About.aspx
Ministry of Education (2016). The role of education in achieving the Kingdom’s Vision 2030. Planning and Development Agency, General Administration of Planning.
Al-Yagzi, Faten Hassan (2019). Using artificial intelligence applications to support university education in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Arab Studies in Education and Psychology, (113), 257-282.