A Training Program Based on Self-Engineering to Improve Psychological Immunity and Self-Vitality among Students of the College of Education

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Education, Alexandria University, Egypt

Abstract

The study aimed to identify the effectiveness of the training program based on self-engineering in improving the psychological immunity and self-vitality of students in the College of Education, as well as to determine the continuity of the effectiveness of that program. To achieve the objectives of the study, both approaches were adopted: descriptive; In the theoretical framing of the study variables, analysis of previous relevant studies, and interpretation of the results, and the quasi-experimental one-group design, two tools were also used, represented by: the Psychological Immunity Scale (prepared by/ Doaa Awad Ahmed, 2019), and the Self-Vitality Scale (prepared by/ Ryan & Frederick, 1997, translation and Arabization/ Abdel Aziz Ibrahim Selim, 2016), and was applied to a study group consisting of (16) female student teachers from the Psychology Department in the fourth year, Faculty of Education - Alexandria University. The researcher also prepared a training program based on self-engineering, The study reached the following results: The effectiveness of the training program based on self-engineering in improving both: psychological immunity and self-vitality among students of the College of Education, and the continued effectiveness of the training program based on self-engineering in improving both: psychological immunity and self-vitality among students of the College of Education. According to the results reached, several recommendations and proposals were presented.

Keywords

Main Subjects


English References:
Al-Hamdan, M., Alawadi, S., & Altamimi, R. (2021). Contribution of psychological immunity dimensions in predicting psychological flow during coronavirus crisis among health workers in Kuwait. Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 3, 34-43.
Al-Jassar, F., & Al-Jubori, H. (2023). Identifying common levels of self-engineering for futsal players. Journal of humanities and social sciences research, 2(2), 1-9.
Al-Serhane, F. (2022). Self-engineering among university students. University of Babylon. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/361029458
Ayaz, L., Bashir, R., Naz, S., & Ullah, S. (2022). Subjective vitality and level of confidence as predictors of perfectionism among doctors and nurses. 1st International Conference on Contemporary World: Challenges and transformations, Rawalpindi Women University, Rawalpindi 6th Road Satellite Town, Pakistan, 74.
Baban, W., Ismael, G., & Aziz, I. (2023). Examining the associations between psychological immunity and the exams anxiety in the context of the Covid-19 Pandemic. Open Journal of social sciences, 11(8), 186-201.
Baumeister, R. & Vohs, K. (2007). Self-Regulation, ego depletion, and motivation. Social and personality psychology compass, 1(1), 115-128.
Bertrams, A., Dyllick, T., Englert, C. & Krispenz, A. (2020). German adaptation of the subjective vitality scales (SVS-G). Open psychology, 2(1), 57-75.
Bhardwaj, A., & Agrawal, G. (2015). Concept and applications of psycho-immunity (defense against mental illness): Importance in mental health scenario. Online Journal of Multidisciplinary Researches (OJMR), 1(3), 6-15.
Bredács, A. (2016). Psychological immunity research to the improvement of the professional teacher training’s national methodological and training development. Practice and theory in systems of education, 11(2), 118-141.
Brooks, S. & Roy, R. (2021). Complexity of self-engineering systems across the life cycle–Biological and engineering systems. 28th CIRP Conference on life cycle engineering, 121-126.
Choochom, O., Sucaromana, U., Chavanovanich, J., & Tellegen, P. (2019). Model of self-development for enhancing psychological immunity of the elderly. The Journal of behavioral science, 14(1), 84-96.
Cuğ, F. (2015). Self-forgiveness, self-compassion, subjective vitality, and orientation to happiness as predictors of subjective well-being. A Thesis submitted to the graduate school of social sciences of Middle East technical university.
 Dubey & Shahi (2011). Psychological immunity and coping strategies: A study on medical professionals. Indian Journal of social science researches, 8(1&2), 36-47.
Ellis, A. (2002). Rational emotive behavior therapy. Encyclopedia of psychotherapy, 2, 483-487.
Essa, E. (2020). Modeling the relationships among psychological immunity, mindfulness and flourishing of university students. International Journal of education, 13(1), 37-43.
Fini, A., Kavousian, J., Beigy, A., & Emami, M. (2010). Subjective vitality and its anticipating variables on students. Procedia-Social and behavioral sciences, 5, 150-156.
Fukuda, S. (2019). Self-Engineering learning from failures. Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan: Springer briefs in applied sciences and technology.
Gharib, E., Al-Kholaif, J. (2023). Self-engineering among secondary school students in the Qassim region. International Journal of learning management systems, 10(2), 93-107.
Gupta, T., & Nebhinani, N. (2020). Building psychological immunity in children and adolescents. Journal of Indian association for child and adolescent mental health, 16(2), 1-12.
Hahn, E. (2021). The effect of a self-made vitality intervention on loneliness in young adults during COVID-19.  Bachelor's thesis, Faculty of behavioral management and social sciences, University of Twente.
Jafari, M. (2017). Self-Engineering strategy of six dimentional inter-subcultural mental images. Independent Journal of management & Production, 8(1), 193-204.
Kaur, T., & Som, R. (2020). The predictive role of resilience in psychological immunity: A theoretical review. Int. J. Curr. Res. Rev, 12, 139-143.
Logan, A., Berman, B., & Prescott, S. (2023). Vitality revisited: The evolving concept of flourishing and its relevance to personal and public health. International Journal of environmental research and public health, 20(6), 1-15.
Mandelbaum, E. (2019). Troubles with Bayesianism: An introduction to the psychological immune system. Mind & Language, 34(2), 141-157.
Mnokh, S., & Al-Obeidi, T. (2019). Psychological immunity for preparatory students. Journal of Tikrit university for humanities, 26(6), 394-372.‎
Muyan-Yılık, M. & Bakalım, O. (2022). Hope as a mediator of the link between subjective vitality and subjective happiness in university students in Turkey. The Journal of psychology, 156(3), 241-255.
Oláh, A., Nagy, H., & Tóth, K. (2010). Life expectancy and psychological immune competence in different cultures. Empirical text and culture research, 4, 102-108.
Pambar, M. (2016). Self-Engineering realization, celebration, and enlightenment: A multi-dimensional life experience. Dedicated to Wayne dyer: AbeBooks.
Pineda-Espejel, H., Morquecho-Sánchez, R., Terán, L., López-Gaspar, I., Hernández-Mendo, A., Morales-Sánchez, V., ... & Granero-Gallegos, A. (2023). Satisfied and frustrated needs, subjective vitality and university students’ life satisfaction of physical activity and sports. Sustainability, 15(4), 1-15.
Ryan, R. & Deci, E. (2008). From ego depletion to vitality: Theory and findings concerning the facilitation of energy available to the self. Social and personality psychology compass, 2(2), 702-717.
Ryan, R., & Frederick, C. (1997). On energy, personality, and health: subjective vitality as a dynamic reflection of well-being. Journal of personality, 65(3), 529-565.
Salama-Younes, M. (2011). Positive mental health, subjective vitality and satisfaction with life for French physical education students. World Journal of sport sciences, 4(2), 90-97.
Singh, S. & Sharma, N. (2018). Subjective vitality as a predictor of psychological well-being. International Journal of social sciences review, 6(1), 76-80.
Takács, R., Takács, S., Kárász, J., Horváth, Z., & Oláh, A. (2021). Exploring coping strategies of different generations of students starting university. Frontiers in psychology, 12, 1-10.
Tkach, E. & Simakhina, A. (2021). Personal vitality and its manifestations in difficult life situations and environmental conditions. E3S Web of Conferences, 258(3).
Tunçkol, H. (2015). Relationship of happiness and subjective vitality in university students. International journal of development research, 5(4), 4219-4222.
Uysal, R., Satici, S., Satici, B., & Akin, A. (2014). Subjective vitality as mediator and moderator of the relationship between life satisfaction and subjective happiness. Educational sciences: Theory and practice, 14(2), 489-497.
Vieira, D. & Aquino, T. (2016). Subjective vitality, meaning in life and religiosity in older people: a correlational study. Temas em psicologia, 24(2), 483-494.
Translation of Arabic References:
Ibtisam Saadoun Muhammad, and Zahraa Karim Kattouf (2020). Self-vitality among educational counselors. Al-Mustansiriya Journal - Journal of the College of Education, 1, 277-298.
Ahmed Abdel Wahab Abu Halima (2022). Life skills as predictors of psychological immunity among university students in the southern governorates of Palestine, Master’s thesis, College of Education, Al-Aqsa University.‎
Ahmed Fayeq Al-Jundi (2014). The role of individual and organizational variables in re-engineering the self of a faculty member at the College of Sharia in Al-Ahsa Governorate in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Journal of Business Studies and Research, Faculty of Commerce - Benha University, 34(3), 50-89.
Azhar Muhammad Abdel-Barr (2020). The structural model of causal relationships between educational experiences, cognitive flexibility, and self-vitality among middle school students. Journal of the Faculty of Education, Benha University, 31(121), 228-279.
Osama Arabi Ammar (2019). A program based on psychological engineering in teaching psychology to develop psychological awareness and tolerance of academic ambiguity among visually impaired students at the secondary stage. Journal of the Faculty of Education, Assiut University, 35(12), 1-29.
Afnan Fahd Ibrahim (2021). The relative contribution of psychological empowerment in predicting psychological immunity among health practitioners in light of the new (Covid-19) virus outbreak in hospitals in Riyadh. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 67(2), 78-123.
Anas Shakshak (2012). Psychological engineering in body management and personality formation. Amman: Dar Al Shorouk for Publishing and Distribution.
Iman Awad Feud (2023). The relative contribution of self-engineering and contemplative thinking in predicting psychological tranquility among university students. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 75(1), 344-387.
Iman Mukhtar Amer (2021). The relative contribution of psychological immunity in predicting quality of life and academic integration among female university students. Egyptian Journal of Psychological Studies, 113(31), 104-176.
Jassim Mohammed Al-Janabi (2011). The effect of the psychological engineering program on some critical thinking skills among middle school students. Master's thesis, College of Education, Tikrit University.
Jabbar Wadi Al-Ukaili (2017). Psychological immunity among university students and its relationship to self-awareness and forgiveness. Journal of Arab Studies in Education and Psychology, Arab Educators Association, 81, 423-454.‎
Hossam Mahmoud Ali (2021). The effectiveness of self-constructive guidance in developing the psychological immunity of university students. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 68(2), 1-53.
Hanan Khalil Al-Halabi (2021). Psychological immunity and social support as predictors of positive orientation toward the future among a sample of female students at Qassim University. International Journal of Educational and Psychological Studies, Rafad Center for Studies and Research, 9(2), 469-487.
Khaled Ahmed Al-Maliki, Fathi Mahdi Nasr (2019). Psychometric properties of the psychological immunity scale. Journal of Specific Education Research, Mansoura University, 55, 195-206.
Khansa Abdel Razzaq Abdel (2016). The effect of psychological engineering on developing some emotional intelligence skills among students of fine arts institutes. Al-Fath Magazine, 67, 103-134.
Dalia Muhammad Moamen (2004). The relationship between happiness and both irrational thoughts and pleasant and stressful life events. The Eleventh Annual Conference - Youth for a Better Future, Ain Shams University - Psychological Counseling Center, 1(11), 427-461.
Doaa Awad Ahmed (2019). The effectiveness of a program based on impression management in improving self-compassion and psychological immunity among female students in the College of Education. Journal of the Faculty of Education, Tanta University, 74(2), 681-744.
Zekra Abdel Hafez Al-Youssef (2013). The effect of a self-engineering program on tolerance, persuasion, and thinking compass among secondary school teachers. Doctoral dissertation, College of Education, Tikrit University.
Reem Salem Al-Kraidis (2022). Emotional regulation as a mediating variable between intrinsic vitality and psychological prosperity among a sample of female students about to graduate. Journal of Education, Cairo College of Education, Al-Azhar University, 196(2), 454-496.
Zainab Salah Youssef, Samah Abdel Fattah Abdel Gawad (2021). The place energy of the internal spaces of the dwelling as a unit with multiple roles and its relationship to enhancing the personal vitality of the head of the family. Journal of Research in the Fields of Specific Education, Faculty of Specific Education - Minya University, 35, 713-801.
Zainab Muhammad Muhammad (2020). The relative contribution of the dimensions of self-engineering, cognitive miserliness, and meta-emotion in predicting aspects of behavior as a result of the “Covid-19” pandemic among university students. Journal of the Faculty of Education in Psychological Sciences, Ain Shams University - Faculty of Education, 44(4), 195-300.
Sarah Hossam El-Din Mostafa (2018). The effectiveness of a selective counseling program to develop personal vitality among a sample of university youth. Journal of Psychological Counseling, Ain Shams University - Psychological Counseling Center, 56, 33-112.
Sarah Mohamed Shaheen (2023). The relationship of psychological immunity to future anxiety and self-management among female university students. Egyptian Journal of Psychological Studies, 119(33), 176-220.
Souad Hosni Mahdi (2023). The structural model of the relationships between psychological immunity, intrinsic vitality, and entrepreneurship skills among final year students at Al-Azhar University. Journal of Education, Cairo College of Education, Al-Azhar University, 197(2), 380-435.
Suleiman Abdel Wahid Youssef (2016). The effectiveness of a training program in activating psychological immunity among university students in light of their thinking styles and habits of mind. Egyptian Journal of Psychological Studies, 9(26), 246-290.
Sanaa Hamed Zahran (2019). The effectiveness of a group counseling program based on self-engineering to reduce psychological desertification among university students. Journal of Psychological Counseling, Ain Shams University - Psychological Counseling Center, 59, 477-527.
Sayed Mahmoud Al-Tawab (2008). Mental health and psychological counseling. Alexandria: Alexandria Book Center.
Shah Ahmed Abdul Rahman, Salwa Muhammad Abdul Baqi, and Marwa Saeed Owais (2022). Intrinsic vitality as one of the strengths of personality among university students in light of some demographic variables. Journal of Educational and Social Studies, Faculty of Education - Helwan University, 28(3), 86-130.
Shahad Muhammad Al-Askar (2016). Self-engineering. Cairo: First Book Library for Publishing and Distribution.
Sherry Massad Halim (2021). Psychological immunity and its relationship to life satisfaction among a sample of university students in light of the spread of the new Corona virus pandemic “Covid-19”. (COVID-19) Journal of the Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, 45(2), 261-326.
Shaima Sayed Ali, Hamdi Muhammad Yassin, and Nadia Amil Banna (2022). Subjective vitality as a determinant of life satisfaction among university students. Journal of Research, Humanities and Social Sciences, 2(5), 40-80
Shaima Talaat Abdullah, Anwar Riyad Abdel Rahim, Haiba Mamdouh Mahmoud (2021). The effectiveness of a training program based on psychological engineering in reducing Internet addiction among middle school students. Journal of the Faculty of Education, Beni Suef University, 18(100), 559-610.
Saddam Hussein Hamid, and Hamid Suleiman Al-Dulaimi (2023). Building and codifying (standard levels) a measure of self-engineering among first-class football players. Wasit Journal of Mathematical Sciences, 15(2), 264-284.‎
Abdel Sattar Muhammad Muhammad, Hussein Muhammad Bakhit (2021). Social support as a predictor of psychological immunity among students at South Valley University. Journal of the Faculty of Arts in Qena, 53(2), 16-93.
Abdul Aziz Ibrahim Salim (2016). Self-energy and its relationship to positive social personality traits and hopeful thinking among special education teachers. Journal of Psychological Counseling, Ain Shams University - Psychological Counseling Center, 47, 171-262.
Abdel Aziz Mahmoud Abdel Aziz (2019). Competence of the psychological immune system and self-confidence as predictors of quality of life among a sample of university youth. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 60(1), 418-495.
Abeer Rashid Al-Rashdan (2022). The relationship between intrinsic vitality and mental alertness among university students. Journal of the College of Education in Psychological Sciences, 46(4), 325-358
Abeer Atef Abdel Halim (2023). Managing emotions and their role in enhancing psychological immunity. Index Journal of Survey Studies, 3(8), 431-448.
Essam Mohamed Zidan (2013). Psychological immunity: its concept, dimensions and measurement. Journal of the Faculty of Education, Tanta University, 51, 811-882.
Afra Ibrahim Al-Obaidi (2020). Subjective vitality among university students in light of some variables. Scientific Journal of Educational Sciences and Mental Health, Scientific Foundation for Educational Sciences, Technology and Special Education, 2(1), 20-44.
Fatma Al-Zahra Al-Masry (2020). Subjective vitality among graduate students at the Faculty of Education, Helwan University in light of some demographic variables: a clinical psychometric study. Egyptian Journal of Psychological Studies, Egyptian Society for Psychological Studies, 30(106), 237-286.
Fatma Al-Zahraa Al-Najjar, Mervat Abdel Hamid Al-Safti (2023). The effectiveness of an integrative counseling program in alleviating the feeling of perceived disability stigma and improving self-vitality among siblings of mentally disabled people. Journal of Education, Al-Azhar University, 197(3), 497-562.
Fatma Al-Zahraa Abdul Wahid (2021). The effectiveness of a program for developing self-management skills and its impact on supporting psychological immunity among a sample of students from the Faculty of Education, Helwan University. Journal of Scientific Research in Education, Girls College of Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, 22(9), 149-201.
Fatma Abdel Fattah Hussein (2020). Psychological immunity as a predictor of personal vitality among special education teachers in Minya Governorate: a psychometric study. Master's thesis, Faculty of Education, Minya University.
Faiq Riad Muhammad (2021). Self-engineering among university students. Journal of Human Sciences, University of Babylon - College of Education for Human Sciences, 28(4), 1-9.
Vivian Ahmed Ashmawy (2023). Psychological immunity in its relationship to life satisfaction and death anxiety among elderly people referred for retirement as state employees, “a comparative study between the sexes.” Journal of Counseling Psychology, 74(3), 154-257.
Qusay Khaled Al-Takhaina, Abdel Nasser Musa Al-Qarala (2018). The role of psychological immunity in predicting psychological empowerment among Mutah University students in light of some demographic variables. Master's thesis, College of Graduate Studies, Mu'tah University.
Qutb Abdo Hanour, and Alia Adel Abdel Rahman (2023). The effect of addiction to social media programs on feelings of life satisfaction and self-importance among university students. Educational Journal, Faculty of Education - Sohag University, 108, 685-752.
Kawthar Ibrahim Rizk, Jamal al-Din Muhammad al-Shami, Fatima Mahmoud al-Zayat, and Manar Suleiman Wali (2018). Dimensions of self-engineering among artistically gifted students and their artistically gifted peers who are academically retarded: a comparative study. Journal of the Faculty of Education, Kafrelsheikh University, 18(2), 219-260.
Laila Babiker Omar (2021). Psychological immunity among female students in the College of Education and its relationship to social intelligence. Journal of the Faculty of Education, Assiut University, 37(7), 61-95.
Mahmoud Muhammad Abdel Rahim, Ahmed Ali Badawi (2022). Cognitive flexibility and its relationship to subjective vitality among university students. Journal of Reading and Knowledge, 23(255), 171-216
Marwa Abdel Hamid Tawfiq (2021). Psychological immunity and psychological recovery as predictors of feelings of cohesion and hope among university faculty members infected with Coronavirus (Covid-19). Egyptian Journal of Psychological Studies, 113(31), 370-408.
Maryam Khaled Muhammad (2023). Intrinsic vitality and its relationship to psychological flexibility among hearing-impaired students in the second cycle of basic education: a predictive study. Journal of Reading and Knowledge, Ain Shams University - Faculty of Education - Egyptian Society for Reading and Knowledge, 258, 213-263.
Maryam Mahzol Al-Taie (2016). Psychological engineering “positive-negative programming of the self” and its relationship to the thinking styles of university students. Al-Professor Journal for Humanities and Social Sciences, Ibn Rushd College of Education, University of Baghdad, 219, 133-168.
Manal Abdel Khaleq Jaballah (2009). Towards the quality of life of university students with learning difficulties... What can vocational guidance provide? The Seventh International Conference - Education at the beginning of the third millennium, Quality - Access - Lifelong Learning, Cairo University - Institute of Educational Studies, 1(7), 320-410.
Nancy Kamal Abu Al-Laymoun and Faisal Khalil Al-Rabie (2022). Modeling causal relationships between intrinsic vitality, mental alertness, and academic self-efficacy among Yarmouk University students. Islamic University Journal for Educational and Psychological Studies, 30(3), 139-172.
Nahid Ahmed Fathi (2019). Perceived self-efficacy, problem-solving ability, and goal orientation as predictors of psychological immunity among academically gifted students: Factorial components of the psychological immunity scale. Journal of Psychological Studies, Egyptian Association of Psychologists, 29(3), 549-618.
Nasra Muhammad Jaljal, Ihsan Nasr Hindawi (2023). Vitality of self and its relationship to academic determination and research self-efficacy among postgraduate students at the Faculty of Education, Kafr El-Sheikh University. Educational Journal, Faculty of Education - Sohag University, 110(2), 444-493.
Noura Muhammad Arafa (2021). Intrinsic vitality and mental alertness and their relationship to body esteem among a sample of secondary school adolescents. Journal of Psychological Counseling, 68(2), 145-248
Hadi Zafer Kariri and Saadi Abdullah Hakmi (2021). Self-awareness and its relationship to psychological immunity among teachers of people with disabilities at the Jazan Education Administration. Journal of Education, Cairo College of Education, Al-Azhar University, 190(3), 1-43.
Heba Sami Mahmoud (2023). Predicting psychological prosperity in light of both psychological immunity and self-awareness among a sample of university youth. Journal of Service Psychology, 16, 77-146.
Heba Munadil Abdel Hussein (2019). Psychological engineering and its relationship to future anxiety among students of the Special Education Department. Proceedings of the Nineteenth Scientific Conference, Journal of the College of Basic Education, College of Basic Education, 43-69.
Hoda Al-Sayed Al-Sayed (2021). Optimism and its relationship to psychological immunity among a sample of university students. Educational Journal, Faculty of Education, Sohag University, 92, 1427-1495.
Hoda Kamel Mansour (2014). Self-engineering and its relationship to Internet misuse among university students. Al-Ustaz Magazine, 211(2), 223-254.